Publications of Clark C.K. Liu

I. Refereed Journal Articles

  1. Liu, C.C.K., Xia, W. and Park, J.W., (2006).A Wind-driven Reverse Osmosis System for Wastewater Reuse and Nutrient Recovery, Desalination, Vol. 202, pp.24-30.
  2. Liu, C.C.K., Ice, C., Levy, J.K., and Moncur, J. (2005). Institution, Policies, and Technologies for sustainable Watershed Management in the Asia-Pacific, Water Resources Impact,American Water Resources Association, Vol.7, No.2, pp.6-9.
  3. Qin, G., Liu, C.C.K., Richman, N.H. and Moncur, J.E.T. (2005). Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment and Reuse by Wind-driven Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology: A Pilot Study on Coconut Island, Hawaii, Aquaculture Engineering, Vo. 32, pp.365-378.
  4. Liu, C.C.K., Sou, I.M., and Lin, H. (2003). Artificial upwelling and near-field mixing of a nutrient-rich deep-ocean water plume, Marine Environmental Engineering, Vol.7, No.1, pp.1-14.
  5. Park, S. and Liu, C.C.K. (2003). Experiment and Simulation of a Wind-driven Reverse Osmosis Desalination System, Water Engineering Research, Vol.4, No.1, pp. 1-17.
  6. Liu, C.C.K., Park, J.W., Migita, R. and Qing, G. (2002). Prototype Experiments of a Wind-Driven Reverse Osmosis Desalination System, Desalination, Vol. 150, No. 3, pp. 277-287.
  7. Cho, H., Park, J. and Liu, C.C.K. (2002). Effects of Molecular Structures on the Solubility Enhancement of Hydrophobic Organic Compounds by Environmental Amphiphiles,Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 999-1003.
  8. Liu, C.C.K. Migita, R. and Park, J.W. (2002). System Development and Testing of Wind-powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination for Remote Pacific Islands, Water Science & Technology, Vol.2, No. 2, pp. 123-129.
  9. Cheng, A.H., Liu, C.C.K., Shen, H., Teng, M., and Wang, H.W. (2002). Fluid mechanics – An essential part of an environmental Engineering curriculum, ASCE Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice, American Society of Civil Engineers), Vol. 128, No.4, pp. 201-205.
  10. Liu, C.C.K. Dai, J., Lin., H. and Guo, F. (1999). Hydrodynamic Performance of Wave-Driven Artificial Upwelling, ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.125, No.7, pp.728-932.
  11. Liu, C.C.K. (1996). Linear Systems Theory and Modeling of River Water Quality, Journal of the Chinese Institute of Environmental Engineering (Taipei) (in English), Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 51-58.
  12. Liu, C.C.K., and Qiao J. (1995). Artificial Upwelling in Regular and Random Waves, Ocean Engineering, Vol.22, No.4, pp.337-350.
  13. Chen, H.H., Liu, C.C.K. and Guo F., (1995). Hydraulic Modeling of Wave-driven Artificial Upwelling, Marine Environmental Engineering, Vol.1, pp.263-277.
  14. Lin, P., Liu, C.C.K., Green, R., and Schneider, R. (1995). Simulation of 1, 3 dichloropropene in Topsoils with Pseudo First-order Kinetics, Contaminant Hydrology, Vol. 19, pp. 307-317.
  15. Azimi-Zonooz, A. and Liu, C.C.K. (1994). Stochastic Analysis of the Relationships between Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Variance and Solute Dispersion in Heterogeneous Soils,Soil Contamination, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 225-248.
  16. Liu, C.C.K. Lin, P. and Firman, A., (1994). Modeling Chemical Transport in Topsoil with a Gamma Distribution Function, Water Science and Technology, Vol.30, No.2, pp.121-129.
  17. Liu, C.C.K., Feng, J.S. and Chen, W. (1991). System Modeling Approach for Solute Transport through Upper Soils, Water Science and Technology, Vol.24, No.6, pp.67-72.
  18. Liu, C.C.K., Loague, K.M. and Feng, J.S. (1991). Fluid Flow and Solute Transport in Unsaturated Heterogeneous Soils: Numerical Experiments, Contaminant Hydrology, 7:261-283.
  19. Loague, K., Green, R.E., Liu, C.C.K., and Liang, T.C. (1989). Simulation of Organic Chemical Movement in Hawaii Soils with PRZM: 1. Preliminary Results for Ethylene Dibromide, Pacific Science, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 67-9.
  20. Loague, K., Giambelluca, T., Green, R.E., Liu, C.C.K., Liang, T.C. and Oki, D. (1989). Simulation of Organic Chemical Movement in Hawaii Soils with PRZM: 2. Prediction Deep Penetration of DBCP, EDB, and TCP. Pacific Science, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 362-383.
  21. Liu, C.C.K. (1988). Solute Transport Modeling in Heterogeneous Soils: Conjunctive Application of Physically Based and Linear System Approaches, Contaminant Hydrology,Vol.3, pp. 97-111.
  22. Liu, C.C.K. Tamrakar, N.K. and Green, R.E. (1987). Biodegradation and Adsorption of DBCP and the Mathematical Simulation of its Transport in Tropical Soils, Toxicity Assessment, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 239-252.
  23. Liu, C.C.K., Lau, L.S. and Mink, J.F. (1983). Groundwater Model for a Thick Freshwater Lens. Ground Water, Journal of the American Water Well Association (AWWA), Vol. 2, No. 3. pp. 293-300.
  24. Liu, C.C.K. and Fok, Y.S. (1983). Stream Waste Assimilative Capacity Analysis Using Reaeration Coefficients Measured by Tracer Techniques. Water Resources Bulletin, Journal of the American Association of Water Resources (AWRA), Vol.19, No.3, pp.439-445.
  25. Liu, C.C.K. (1983). Testing the Water – Mathematical Models Permit Proper Aquifer Management, Canadian Research, Vo. 6, No. 2, pp.30-34.
  26. Liu, C.C.K. (1983). Reply to Discussion: “Filtering of Dissolved Oxygen Data in Stream Water Quality Analysis, Water Resources Bulletin, Journal of the American Association of Water Resources (AWRA), Vol.19, No.2, pp.295.
  27. Liu, C.C.K. (1982). Filtering of Dissolved Oxygen Data in Stream Water Quality Analysis.Water Resources Bulletin, Journal of the American Association of Water Resources (AWRA),Vol.18, No.1, pp.15-20.
  28. Fok, Y.S., Chung, S. and Liu, C.C.K. (1982). Two-Dimensional Exponential Infiltration Equations, ASCE Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol.108, No. IR4, pp. 231-241.
  29. Liu, C.C.K. and Brutsaert, W.H. (1978). A non-linear Analysis of the Relationship between Rainfall and Runoff for Extreme Floods, Water Resources Research, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp.75-83.

II. Book

Shen, H., Cheng, A.H., Wang, H.W., Teng, M. and Liu, C.C.K. (2002). Environmental Fluid mechanics – Theories and Application, ASCE Book, American Society of Civil Engineers.

III. Book Chapters

  1. Liu, C.C.K., (2005). Artificial Upwelling of Nutrient-rich Deep Ocean Water for Open Ocean Mariculture, in: Recent Advances in Marine Science and Technology, PACON International, Honolulu, Hawaii, pp. 291-300.
  2. Liu, C.C.K. (2004). Calibrating Steady-state Water Quality Models with Field Data, Chapter 5-1, In: Environmental Hydraulics and Sustainable Water Management, Lee and Lam (ed.), Taylor & Francis Group, London, pp. 665-670.
  3. Liu, C.C.K., and Neill, J.J. (2002). Chapter 12. Linear Systems Approach to River Water Quality Analysis, In: Environmental Fluid Mechanics – Theories and Application, Shen et al., (ed.), ASCE Book, American Society of Civil Engineers, pp.421-457.
  4. Liu, C.C.K. and Park, J.W. (2002). Water Desalination, McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, Ninth Edition, Volume 22, the McGraw-Hill, New York, pp.404-406.
  5. Liu, C.C.K. (2002). Wastewater Reuse, In: The McGraw-Hill 2002 Yearbook of Science & Technology, the McGraw-Hill, New York, pp.406-408.
  6. Liu, C.C.K., and Lin, H. (1999). Discharge and Mixing of Artificially Upwelled Deep Ocean Water, In: Environmental Hydraulics, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp.149-154.
  7. Liu, C.C.K., Kuo, T.T., and Chen, H.H. 1989. Water Quality Modeling of Anaerobic River Reaches: Waste Load Allocation for Keelung River in Northern Taiwan, In: Advances in Water Pollution Control, Pergamon Press, Vol.5 pp.159-166.
  8. Liu, C.C.K., Ewart, C. and Huang, Q. (1991). Response of a Basal Water-Body to Forced Draft, In ASCE Book: Ground Water in the Pacific Rim Countries, J.Peters (ed.), American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), pp.36-42.
  9. Liu, C.C.K. and Kuo, J.T. (1988). Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Alternatives: Tansui River Water Quality Management, In: Advances in Water Pollution Control, Pergamon Press, Vol. 4, pp. 3-19.
  10. Liu, C.C.K. (1987). Water Quality Modeling by a Linear Systems Approach, In: Advances in Water Pollution Control, Pergamon Press, Vol. 3, pp. 119-125.
  11. Liu, C.C.K. (1986). Surface Water Quality Analysis, Chapter 1 In: Wang, L and Pereira, N.C. (ed.), Handbook of Environmental Engineering, The Humana Press, pp.1-59.
  12. Green, R.E., Liu, C.C.K. and Tamrakar, N. (1986). Modeling Pesticide Movement in the Unsaturated Zone of Hawaiian Soils under Agricultural Use, In: Garner, W.Y., Honecutt, R.C. and Nigg, H.N. (ed.), ASC Symposium Book Series 315 – Evaluation of Pesticides in Groundwater, American Chemical Society, Chapter 19, pp.366-383.
  13. Liu, C.C.K. (1980). Separation of Time-Variation Parameters in Stream Water Quality Modeling. In: US EPA Research Reporting Series EPA-600/9-80-016 Verification of Water Quality Models, US Environmental Protection Agency, pp.184-192.
  14. Liu, C.C.K. and Brutsaert, W.H. (1975). Optimal Identification of a Watershed Rainfall-Runoff System, Publication 117, International Association of Hydrological Science (IAHS),pp.333-341.

IV. Conference Proceedings

  1. Liu, C.C.K., Mink, J.F. and Dai, j. (2005). Simple Analytical Groundwater Modeling for Sustainable Yield Estimation, Proceedings of AWRA 2005 Summer Specialty Conference,Honolulu, Hawaii, American Water Resources Association, Published in CD-ROM.
  2. Fernandes, K and Liu, C.C.K. (2005). Flood Hydrograph Analysis for Manoa Watershed, Oahu, Hawaii, Proceedings of AWRA 2005 Summer Specialty Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, American Water Resources Association, Published in CD-ROM.
  3. Liu, C.C.K. (2001). Prevention and Control of Agricultural Chemical Contamination of Hawaiian Groundwater, Proceedings of Seventh Mainland-Taiwan Environmental Protection Academic Conference, Wuhan, China, April 21-25, 2001, University of Wuhan Press, pp.851-858.
  4. Liu, C.C.K. C. Ji, C. and Neupane, D. (2000). Linear Systems Approach to Subsurface Pollutant Transport Analysis, Proceedings of 14th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Conference,University of Texas, Austin, Texas May 21-24, 2000.
  5. Liu, C.C.K. (1999). Initial mixing of a buoyant jet under ocean currents and waves,Proceedings of 13th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Conference, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD June 13-16, 1999.
  6. Liu, C.C.K. (1999). Artificial Upwelling and Open Ocean Mariculture: Formation of a Nutrient-rich Deep Ocean Water plume, Proceedings of The International OTEC/DOWA Conference, IOA’99, Imari, Japan, 31 Oct 31– November 2, 1999, pp.288-297.
  7. Liu, C.C.K., Lin, H and Guo, F. (1998). Wave-Driven Artificial Upwelling: Hydraulic Modeling and Empirical Equation, Proceedings of the ASCE 12th Engineering Mechanics Conference, La Jolla, CA, May 17-20,1998, American Society of Civil Engineering (ASCE), pp.1569-1572.
  8. Liu, C.C.K. (1998). Brackish Water Desalination and Wastewater Re-use, Proceedings of the Modern Engineering and Technology Seminar, Taipei, November 15-22,1998, Chinese Institute of Engineers (CIE-USA), pp.406-418
  9. Liu, C.C.K., Li, J. and Guo, F. (1997). Wave-Driven Artificial Upwelling: Predictive Equation and Field Testing, Proceedings of the Oceanology International 97, Singapore, 12-14 May 1997, Published by Spearhead Exhibitions LTD, New Malden Surrey, UK, pp.127-138.
  10. Liu, C.C.K., (1997). Wind-Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination and Sustainable Development of Coastal Water Resources, Proceedings of the Eighth Pacific Island Area Seminar on Fresh Water Resources, Honolulu, December 1-4, 1997, The ACT Foundation of Japan and the State of Hawaii, pp.149-151.
  11. Liu, C.C.K. and Guo, F. (1995). Time Series Analysis of Initial Dilution at the Sand Island Outfall, Oahu, Hawaii, Proceedings of the Sixth Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics,Singapore, May 22-26, 1995, pp.1142-45.
  12. Liu, C.C.K.,Tsai,,J. and Chiang,L (1993) Assessing groundwater contamination potential in the Kaohsiung area, southern Taiwan, Proceedings of Chinese American Academic and Professional Convention (CAAPCON), Chicago, July 2-5, 1993, pp.7.65-7.68
  13. Liu, C.C.K., Green, R., and Lin, P., (1993). Fumigant DBCP Mixing and Transport in Soils,Proceedings of 1993 Joint CSCE-ASCE National Conference on Environmental Engineering,American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), Montreal, July 12-14, 1993, pp.1233-1240.
  14. Liu, C.C.K., Huang, Q., and Feng, J. (1992). Macrodispersion of Solute Transport in Unsaturated Upper Soils, Proceedings of the Sixth IAHR International Symposium on Stochastic Hydraulics, International Association of Hydraulic Research (IAHR), Taipei, May 18-20, 1992, pp.509-516.
  15. Liu, C.C.K. (1991). Stochastic Analysis of Contaminant Transport in Heterogeneous Soils Using Numerically Synthesized Soil Columns, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computer Applications in Water Resources Vol.2, Taipei, July 3-6, 1991, pp.1091-1098.
  16. Chen, W. and Liu, C.C.K. 1991. Modeling Chemical Transport in Soils by the Method of System Parameterization, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Computer Applications in Water Resources Vol.2, Taipei, July 3-6, 1991, pp.821-828.
  17. Liu, C.C.K. (1987). Deterministic and Stochastic Modeling of Solute Transport in Unsaturated Soils, Proceedings of the International Conference on Infiltration Development and Application, Honolulu, January, pp.331-340.

V. Technical Reports

  1. Liu, C.C.K., (2007). RAM2 Modeling and the Determination of Sustainable Yields of Hawaii Basal Aquifers, WRRC Project Report PR-2008-06, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 81p.
    This report is available on: http://hawaii.gov/dlnr/cwrm/resources_publications.htm
  2. Liu, C.C.K., (2006). Wind-Powered Reverse Osmosis Water Desalination for Pacific Islands and Remote Coastal Communities, Desalination and Water Purification Research and Development Program report No. 128, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation.
  3. Liu, C.C.K., (2006). Analytical Groundwater Flow and Transport Modeling for the Estimation of the Sustainable Yield of Pearl Harbor Aquifer, WRRC Project Report PR-2006-06, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 53p.
  4. Liu, C.C.K. and Neill, J.J. (2000). Linear Systems Approach to River Water Quality Analysis: Computer Program Documentation and User Manual, WRRC Project Report PR-2000-05,Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa,
  5. Liu, C.C.K. (1999). Research on Artificial Upwelling and Mixing at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, IOA Newsletter, International OTEC/DOWA Association, Vol.10, No.4, pp.1-8.
  6. Liu C.C.K., Loague, K., Chen, W., Feng, J.S., and Huang, Q.M. (1990). Simulation of Solute Transport in Heterogeneous Soils Vol.1: Conjunctive Application of Physically Based and System Modeling Approaches, WRRC Special Report No.06.30:91(I), Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 38p.
  7. Liu C.C.K., Loague, K., Azimi-Zonooz A., and Feng, J.S. (1990). Simulation of Solute Transport in Heterogeneous Soils Vol.2: Numerical Experiments, WRRC Special Report No.06.30:91(II), Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 53p.
  8. Liu, C.C.K. and Feng, J.S. (1988). Chemical Residue Transport in Aggregated Soils: A Mathematical Simulation by the Linear System Approach, WRRC Technical Report No.179,Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 46p.
  9. Pringle, M.W. Liu, C.C.K. and Green, R.E. (1984). DBCP Volatilization from Soil and Water: A laboratory Study of Two Hawaiian Soils. WRRC Technical Report No. 157, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 95p.
  10. Liu, C.C.K., Green, R.E. Lee, C.C. and Williams M.K. (1983). Modeling Analysis of Pesticide DBCP Transport and Transformation in Soils of Kunia Area in Central Oahu, Hawaii. PBRC Project Completion Report Submitted to US Environmental Protection Agency,Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawaii, 51p.
  11. Chung, S.O., Lau, L.S., Liu, C.C.K. and Gee, H.K. (1982). Upconing and the evolution of Transition Zone in Basal Aquifer under Pumping Stress. WRRC Technical Memorandum Report No. 66, Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 21p.
  12. Liu, C.C.K., Lau, L.S. and Mink, J.F. (1981). Numerical Simulation of a Thick Fresh Water Lens: The Pearl Harbor Regional Groundwater Model, WRRC Technical Report No.139,Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii, 71p.
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